TSUNAMI SOCIETY - SCIENCE OF TSUNAMI HAZARDS

Mitigating the impact of tsunami disasters through research and the dissemination of knowledge

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INTERNATIONAL TSUNAMI SOCIETY

P. O. Box 2117,

Ewa Beach,

HAWAI'I 96706-0117

U.S.A.

SCIENCE OF TSUNAMI HAZARDS

The International Journal of the Tsunami Society


Volume 26, No. 2 - Year 2007

ISSN 8755-6839

ABSTRACTS


THE TSUNAMI ASSESSMENT MODELLING SYSTEM BY THE JOINT RESEARCH
CENTRE


Alessandro Annunziato
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy

ABSTRACT

The Tsunami Assessment Modeling System was developed by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre, in order to serve Tsunami early warning systems such as the Global Disaster Alerts and Coordination System (GDACS) in the evaluation of possible consequences by a Tsunami of seismic nature. The Tsunami Assessment Modeling System is currently operational and is calculating in real time all the events occurring in the world, calculating the expected Tsunami wave height and identifying the locations where the wave height should be too high. The first part of the paper describes the structure of the system, the underlying analytical models and the informatics arrangement; the second part shows the activation of the system and the results of the calculated analyses. The final part shows future development of this modeling tool.


Science of Tsunami Hazards, Vol. 26, No. 2, page 70 (2007)



IMPACT OF TSUNAMI 2004 IN COASTAL VILLAGES OF NAGAPATTINAM DISTRICT, INDIA


R. Kumaraperumal*, S. Natarajan, R. Sivasamy, S. Chellamuthu , S.S. Ganesh and G.Anandakumar
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Remote Sensing and GIS Centre Coimbatore, India

ABSTRACT

A quake-triggered tsunami lashed the Nagapattinam coast of southern India on December 26, 2004 at around 9.00 am (IST). The tsunami caused heavy damage to houses, tourist resorts, fishing boats, prawn culture ponds, soil and crops, and consequently affected the livelihood of large numbers of the coastal communities. The study was carried out in the Tsunami affected villages in the coastal Nagapattinam with the help of remote sensing and geographical information science tools. Through the use of the IRS 1D PAN and LISS 3 merged data and quick bird images, it was found that 1,320 ha of agricultural and non-agricultural lands were affected by the tsunami. The lands were affected by soil erosion, salt deposition, water logging and other deposited sediments and debris. The maximum run-up height of 6.1 m and the maximum seawater inundation distance of 2.2 km were observed at Vadakkupoyyur village in coastal Nagapattinam.
Pre and Post Tsunami survey on soil quality showed an increase in pH and EC values, irrespective of distance from the sea. The water reaction was found to be in alkaline range (> 8.00) in most of the wells. Salinity levels are greater than 4 dS m-1 in all the wells except the ring well. The effect of summer rainfall on soil and water quality showed the dilution of soluble salts. Pumping of water has reduced the salinity levels in the well water samples and as well as in the open ponds. Following the 2004 event, it has become apparent to know the relative tsunami hazard for this coastal Nagapattinam. So, the Tsunami hazard maps are generated using a geographical information systems (GIS) approach and the results showed 20.6 per cent, 63.7 per cent and 15.2 per cent of the study area fall under high hazard, medium hazard and low hazard category respectively.

Science of Tsunami Hazards, Vol. 26, No. 2, page 93 (2007)




STUDIES BETWEEN THE TSUNAMIGENIC SEDIMENTS OF MANDAPAM AND TUTICORIN, SOUTH EAST COAST OF INDIA


M. Suresh Gandhi, A. Solai and S. P. Mohan
Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India

ABSTRACT

The Gulf of Mannar is a transitional zone between the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean proper and is connected with the Bay of Bengal through a shallow sill, the Palk Strait. The study area extends from Mandapam to Tuticorin on the southern coast of Tamil Nadu (India) over a distance of 120 km. It is bound in the northeast by Rameshwaram Island, in the east by the Bay of Bengal, in the west by the Eastern and Western Ghats, and in the south by Tuticorin. A total of 36 sediment samples were collected from the beach (6) and the offshore (30) area in the study region. The offshore samples were collected at six transects keeping the stations at Mandapam (5 nos), Valinokkam (5 nos), Vaippar (5 nos), Vembar (5 nos), Kallar, (5 nos) and Tuticorin (5 nos). Totally, 77 benthic foraminiferal species (Post-tsunami) and varieties belonging to 39 genera, 13 families, 10 superfamilies and 4 suborders have been reported and illustrated. The following species are widely distributed in the pre and post-tsunami samples namely Spiroloculina communis, Quinqueloculina elongatum, Q.lamarckiana, Q. seminulum, Triloculina trigonula, Cibicides lobatululs, Ammonia beccarii, A. dentata, A.tepida, Elphidium crispum and Assilina ammonoides. Grain size studies shows the frequency curves vary from unimodal to bimodal in places of river discharge from the Vembar, Kallar, Vaippar and Tamiraparani, as a result of which an additional sub-population is deposited. At Mandapam and Tuticorin, the total species are increasing in the deeper depths whereas in Kallar there will be reverse trend which decreases with depth. Similarly, the living species also have the same trend at Vallinokkam. The scatter plot of salinity versus living species shows a positive correlation. The scatter plot of organic matter versus living species shows strong negative correlation and positive correlation with dead species showing a negative relation with the biomass. Further, the trend of organic matter vs. carbonate indicates that the littoral drift of sediments brought foraminifera from the inner shelf regions and has played a great role in the contribution of dead species, as well as microfossils. The present study indicated that the sediments were brought from the inner shelf.

Science of Tsunami Hazards, Vol. 26, No. 2, page 115 (2007)


 

 

Volume 26 No. 1 (2007)

Volume 26 No. 2 (2007)

 

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YEAR 2005

YEAR 2006

YEAR 2007


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All Issues Prior to 2006 are also available at
Science of Tsunami Hazards PDF Files (a mirror site)
at http://epubs.lanl.gov/tsunami/.
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Last updated: December2007


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SCIENCE OF

TSUNAMI HAZARDS

The International Journal of The Tsunami Society

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© 2007 Tsunami Society

Last update: September 2007